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Technology and Alzheimer’s Research:
Simple Technologies Shed Light on a Complex Disease
By Dr. Jeffrey Kaye
Changes in Research Detect Subtle Changes in the Brain Sooner
While traditional research methods have helped us to better understand Alzheimer’s disease, at the Oregon Center for Aging and Technology (ORCATECH), we’ve been able to improve both the accuracy and speed of our results by using existing technology to develop new research methods. We think this technology will make a substantial difference in the diagnosis and treatment of Alzheimer’s, and perhaps even play an important role in prevention.
Traditional Methods Take too Long and Come up Short
Traditional methods require volunteers to come into the clinic for an extensive annual assessment. Participants take standardized tests using paper and pencil. We use an MRI to detect any changes in the brain over time. We also study their motor skills by having them perform certain tasks, and ask them questions that tell us about their activity levels.
We have learned a lot from these tests. There are changes in cognitive performance and in the MRI scan that can predict those that will go on to develop Alzheimer’s or other dementia related disorders. Slower movements, such as a decrease in walking speed, can also be a sign of future dementia.
Unfortunately, tracking changes using the traditional methods literally takes decades, and the results aren’t as accurate as we would like because we’re relying on the participants’ perceptions and their memory, which may already be affected. Even those without memory loss can have difficulty recalling details about past activities. Think about it: Do you remember what you were doing three Tuesdays ago at 6:45 in the evening?
Motion Sensors Open Doors to Earlier Detection
That’s why we’ve developed new methods for research using simple technology that allows us to unobtrusively monitor the participants in the comfort of their homes. We gather real-time data, which gives us much more accurate results. And we’re also able to detect subtle cognitive and behavioral changes much earlier, leading us to more preventative treatments.
Motion Sensors
With the participant’s approval, we install motion sensors – much like those used in automatic doors – by strategically placing them throughout the home. This allows us to track changes in activity as well as any slowing in movements.
Computers
Participants receive computer training, which also gives us a daily window into their cognitive abilities. We can monitor subtle changes in their proficiency with the keyboard and mouse, as well as through different types of computer games and online memory tests.
Med Trackers
This specially rigged pill dispenser is a wireless electronic device that tells us when participants are taking their medications, giving us information on their memory function, as well as helping us to correct any dosage problems.
Combining Old and New
We combine this technological research data with the annual assessments in the clinic in order to conduct the most comprehensive research. This also gives us insight into participants’ perceptions versus their reality.
More than Research
These technologies are also useful for adapting homes for seniors who wish to stay in their homes as long as possible. While technology doesn’t take the place of a caregiver, it can help seniors – even those with Alzheimer’s or other forms of dementia – remain in their homes longer by monitoring daily activities and feeding information to concerned family members.
At ORCATECH, we’re excited that some of these technologies that have been around for many years are now helping us improve detection and treatment of Alzheimer’s disease – and to extend independence and quality of life for many.
Dr. Jeffrey Kaye is a Professor of Neurology and Biomedical Engineering and the director of the Layton Aging and Alzheimer’s Disease Center, as well as director of the Oregon Center for Aging and Technology (ORCATECH). He received his medical degree from New York Medical College and trained in neurology at Boston University. Dr. Kaye completed a fellowship in brain aging at the National Institute on Aging.
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